If you have been reading about research chemical and want a single page that covers the useful parts, this is it: definitions, context, how it is studied, and the questions that come up repeatedly.
Updated 2026-05-14. Numbers and descriptions here follow the published literature rather than marketing material.
Laboratory samples of SR9009 are typically handled as research chemicals rather than pharmaceuticals. Suppliers usually state that the material is for research use only and not for human or veterinary administration. Storage recommendations generally call for a freezer at approximately −20 °C, protection from light, and a desiccated environment. The solid is often described as a white to off-white powder. Solubility is commonly reported in organic solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide and ethanol, with low solubility in water.
Analytical identification and purity assessment often use high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection or mass spectrometry. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry is used to detect and quantify SR9009 in biological matrices, including urine and blood, for anti-doping or pharmacokinetic studies. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy can confirm molecular structure. Stability depends on form and storage: the solid is generally more stable than solutions, and repeated freeze–thaw cycles may degrade samples. Purity is typically reported as a percentage from a certificate of analysis.
Regulatory treatment of SR9009 varies by country and context. It is not approved as a therapeutic drug by agencies such as the United States Food and Drug Administration or the European Medicines Agency. Sports authorities list it as a prohibited substance; the World Anti-Doping Agency classifies it among hormone and metabolic modulators. Legal status for personal possession or sale differs across jurisdictions, and some countries may restrict it under analog or research chemical laws. Buyers who seek verified material often rely on independent laboratory testing because online product labels may not match contents.
SR9009 is a synthetic small molecule developed as an agonist of the nuclear receptors REV-ERBα (NR1D1) and REV-ERBβ (NR1D2). These receptors help regulate circadian rhythms and metabolic gene expression. In cell and animal studies, SR9009 alters transcription of genes involved in lipid metabolism, inflammation, and mitochondrial function. It is not an approved medicine, and its pharmacological profile in humans remains largely uncharacterized. The compound is frequently discussed in the context of circadian biology and metabolic research rather than clinical use.
Preclinical reports have linked SR9009 to improved endurance and altered energy expenditure in rodents. Such findings have prompted interest in whether REV-ERB activation can influence skeletal muscle metabolism. However, the reported effects depend on dose, route, and experimental model, and replication across laboratories is limited. Human trials have not established comparable outcomes, so claims about exercise performance remain speculative. The absence of controlled human data is a central limitation in interpreting these observations.
| Property | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | White to off-white powder | Common supplier description |
| Solubility | Soluble in DMSO and ethanol | Low solubility in water |
| Typical storage | −20 °C, desiccated, dark | For research samples |
| Analytical method | LC-MS/MS | Used for detection and quantification |
| Regulatory status | Prohibited in sport | WADA metabolic modulator class |
Analytical methods for SR9009 typically rely on liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The technique can separate the parent compound from related substances and detect low concentrations in biological matrices. Urine and blood are common samples in anti-doping testing, while in vitro studies may use cell culture media. Rapid metabolism and low expected concentrations make method validation important for reliable identification. Exact metabolite patterns can vary by species and are not fully mapped.
Regulatory treatment of SR9009 reflects its investigational status. The compound has no approved human therapeutic indication, and sports authorities prohibit its use. It appears on anti-doping lists as a non-approved substance or metabolic modulator, depending on the list version. Products sold online as research chemicals are not quality-controlled medicines, so their identity and purity can differ from the label. Such products may also contain unlisted compounds, which complicates both testing and safety assessment.
At the molecular level, SR9009 binds the ligand-binding domain of REV-ERB and strengthens recruitment of corepressor proteins such as NCoR and HDAC3. This increases repression of target genes, including Bmal1 and other clock-controlled and metabolic genes. In rodent studies, such changes have been linked to altered lipid handling, glucose metabolism, and energy expenditure. The precise chain of events between receptor binding and whole-body effects remains an active area of research. Findings in animals do not automatically translate to humans.
Laboratory studies often administer SR9009 by injection because oral absorption appears poor in rodents. Reported pharmacokinetic properties include rapid metabolism and low systemic exposure after oral dosing. Human pharmacokinetic data are sparse, so absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in people are not well defined. Some research explores related REV-ERB compounds with improved drug-like properties. Regulatory approval for any REV-ERB agonist as a human medicine has not been granted to date.
Handling recommendations for SR9009 in a laboratory setting include storing the solid at low temperature, protected from light and moisture. The compound is often dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide or ethanol for experiments. Solutions should be prepared with appropriate personal protective equipment and disposed of according to local rules. Stability data for long-term storage are limited, so stock solutions are typically kept cold and used within defined periods. Records of preparation date and concentration support reproducibility.
SR9009 is not approved as a medicine by major regulatory agencies. It is commonly sold as a research chemical, a category that may fall outside customary drug approval and quality rules. In sports, the World Anti-Doping Agency lists SR9009 as a prohibited substance. Athletes who use it can face sanctions if it is detected in a sample. Legal status varies by country, and importation may be restricted. Enforcement practices differ across borders.
Detection of SR9009 in biological samples usually employs liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. This method can identify the parent compound and sometimes metabolites in urine or blood. Because exposure can be low and clearance may be rapid, sample timing and limits of detection matter. Laboratories validate assays for sensitivity and specificity. Results are interpreted alongside chain-of-custody and quality-control records. Urine is the common matrix for anti-doping analysis, while blood may be used in research settings.
In September 2023, SF Holding's sorting and transshipment center located in the Ezhou cargo hub officially began operations. In May 2024, SF Holding submitted a prospectus for a secondary listing in Hong Kong. In the same year, it passed the hearing of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange on November 10 and planned to be listed on the main board of Hong Kong on November 27. The joint sponsors were Goldman Sachs, Huatai International and JPMorgan Chase, making it the first "A+H" listed company in China's logistics industry. In December 2024, SF Holding's H shares were included in the Hong Kong Stock Connect. On March 3, 2025, Kerry Logistics, a subsidiary of SF Holding, announced rebranding in both English and Chinese to KLN Logistics Group Limited. On April 21, 2025, SF Holding's infrastructure public real estate investment trust fund, "China Southern SF Warehousing & Logistics Close-end Infrastructure Fund", was officially listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. On June 25, 2025, SF Holding introduced a new H-shares through its wholly-owned overseas subsidiary on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited with convertible bonds of HKD 42.15 per share totaling HKD 2.95 billion; the transaction was completed on July 4, 2025, with a total of 70 million (29.2%) new H-shares issued.
It was around the same time, with the work of Jean-Baptiste Bécœur in particular, that taxidermy became a more serious practice. Louis Dufresne, a taxidermist at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in France, rediscovered Bécœur's taxidermy process using arsenical soap and made it known through an article in the Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle (1803–1804). This technique enabled the museum to build an immense collection of taxidermy birds. In the 19th century, some hunters took their trophies to upholstery shops, where the upholsterers would sew up the animal skins and stuff them with rags and cotton. The term "stuffing" or a "stuffed animal" evolved from this crude form of taxidermy. Professional taxidermists prefer the term "mounting" to "stuffing". More sophisticated cotton-wrapped wire bodies supporting sewn-on cured skins soon followed. Dufresne's methods spread to England in the early 19th century, where updated and non-toxic methods of preservation were developed by some of the leading naturalists of the day, including Rowland Ward and Montague Brown. Ward established one of the earliest taxidermy firms, Rowland Ward Ltd. of Piccadilly. However, the art of taxidermy remained relatively undeveloped, and the specimens remained stiff and unconvincing. Between 1887 and 1894, many naturalist scientists from all over the world went to Costa Rica to research its bird wildlife. At that time, Costa Rica had unique bird species not found in other parts of the world.
=== Psychiatry === Psychiatrists have used thiopental to desensitize patients with phobias and to "facilitate the recall of painful repressed memories." One psychiatrist who worked with thiopental is Jan Bastiaans, who used this procedure to help relieve trauma in surviving victims of the Holocaust. Another notable psychiatrist using thiopental for the first time in the 1960s in psychoanalytic therapy setting - in a somewhat similar way to psycholytic psychotherapy - was the Hungarian-Australian psychiatrist Imre Zádor. He administered thiopental to psychotherapy patients to reduce transferential resistance in cases of anorexia nervosa as well as to resolve unconscious blockages in other cases.
Sources: en.wikipedia.org
These four identified subtypes correlate with the consistency of the stool, which can be determined by the Bristol stool scale. In 2007, the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine in Rochester, Minnesota, United States, reported a piece of epidemiological research conducted on a population of 4,196 people living in Olmsted County Minnesota, in which participants were asked to complete a questionnaire based on the Bristol stool scale.
=== Insect welfare === There are concerns that insect farming may involve large-scale suffering. Although the ability of insects to suffer is debated, the number of animals involved is particularly large. As of 2023, there are no widely adopted welfare standards in the industry.
== Public figures with CMT == US country music singer Alan Jackson. Jackson was definitively diagnosed in his early 50s. US actor Julie Newmar. She played the original Catwoman in the 1960s Batman television series. US Paralympic cyclist Anthony Zahn. He won a bronze medal at the 2008 Beijing Paralympic Games. Jamaica and US fashion designer Rachel Scott, who serves as Creative Director of Proenza Schouler. UK cultural and disability studies academic Professor George McKay. His books include Shakin' All Over: Popular Music and Disability (2014). US Paralympic swimmer Jamal Hill, bronze medallist at the Tokyo 2021 Paralympic Games. US actress Isabelle Tate was reported to have died of a rare variant of the disease in 2025. Irish Paralympic cyclist Eoghan Clifford. US filmmaker and playwright Crystal R. Emery. Known for directing the 2010 documentary The Deadliest Disease in America. Australian wheelchair tennis player Jin Woodman (born 2009)
Sources: en.wikipedia.org
Legality depends on the country and the intended use. In many places it is sold as a research chemical, but sports and medicine regulations restrict it.
Detection commonly uses liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. This method can identify the compound in urine or blood at low concentrations.
Typical guidance is −20 °C, dry, and protected from light. Solutions should be aliquoted and limited freeze–thaw cycles should be used.
It is a synthetic compound that acts as an agonist at REV-ERBα and REV-ERBβ. It is used mainly as a research chemical to study circadian and metabolic pathways. It is not approved for human therapeutic use.